Perpetual calendar.



PATL1-I113E13"JAN.y 24, 1905. H. SEELMAN.

PBRPETUAL CALENDAR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 12,1904.

No. 780,532, u

UNITED STATES Patented January 24, 1905.

PATENT* OFFICE.

PERPETUAL CALENDAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent 1\To. 780,532, dated January 24, 1905.

Application filed August 12, 1904. Serial No. 220,460.

To all w/wm it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY SEELMAN, a'citi- Zen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Perpetual Calendars, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

This invention relates to that class of devices known as perpetual calendars. Its main object is to provide simple, convenient, and inexpensive means for determining in an easy and rapid manner the day of the week upon which any day of any month in any given year falls and, if desired, to combine and use with such means a diary or memorandum-book in such a way as to serve lfor any or all of a series of years.

It consists in certain novelfeatures of construction and in the peculiar arrangement and combinations of parts, as hereinafter particularly described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings like letters designate the same parts in the several figures.

Figure l is a view illustrating the invention as embodied in a diary or memorandum-book, which is shown open with the first leaf of the weekly index turned out into position for use, the second leaf partially turned back, and the lower parts of the leaves of the yearly table or key torn out. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the diary or memorandum-book open between pages representing days'of the month in position to be read and used in connection with one of the weekly tables. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a modification ofthe device. Fig. 4 is a bottom edge view of the open diary or memorandum-book shown in Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a face view of one of the detached slips or cards used in connection with the modified form of the device shown in Figs. 3 and 4to represent days of the week.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, a designates the front cover of a diary or memorandum-book, having a'number of leaves with spaces for the seven days of the week ruled or otherwise indicated on one or both pages thereof and numbered todesignate days of the month, as clearly shown in'Fig. 2. A number of leaves .the series.

is ruled or otherwise spaced to correspondl with the spacing of the monthly tables y'on the vleaves b, andeach successive table begins with the day of ythe week following that at the top of the preceding table. Thus table A begins with Monday, table "13 with Tuesday, table C with Wednesday, and so on throughout Akey OZ, consisting of numerals designating a series of years arranged in columns, is provided for the purpose of readily determining the proper weekly table or tables for any given year. This key may be printed on leaves and bound with the leaves and the numerals may be arranged in any convenient number of columns or grouped according' to centuries, as shown in Fig. l, in which the numerals representing the years ofmeach century are arranged in two columns and the several centuries are arranged and designatedin regular order. As shown in Fig. l, the numerals in the key Z are followed by key-letters or other distinguishing'characters corresponding with those designating the several weekly tables, every number representing a leapfycar to be followed by two lsuch letters or characters. Thus the year 101 is followed by the key-letter E and the leap-year 104 by the two key-letters A B. ,Where two keyletters occur indicating a leap-year, the first letter designates the proper weekly table for the first two months of the year and the second the proper table for the other ten months of that year. For example, to arrange the diary or calendar for the year 154 orto ascertain the day of the week upon which any day of any month of that year falls the weekly index is opened to expose the table'designated IA, corresponding with the key-letter opposite the year 154, which is found in the fourth column on the first page of the key 0l, as shown in Fig.

IOO,

l. The diary or memorandum-book is now opened to expose against the weekly table the monthly table containing any given day of the month. Assuming that it is desired to find on what day of the week April 21 of that year falls, the diary is opened at the page on which that day appears, thus bringing the exposed weekly and monthly tables into the proper relation to each other to be read together, as shown in Fig. 2. The numeral 21o the monthly table registering with the space designated "Saturday on the daily table, it will be seen at a glance that April 21 of the year 154 fell on Saturday. The particular day of the week or any day of the month of the year 154 may be readily found in like manner by simply turning to the page on which the desired day of the month appears. For the year 1582, (not shown,) although not a leap year, there are two key-letters A E, the first designating the weekly table for use to October and the second designating the weekly table for use after October 14, this provision being made on account of the change from the J ulian to the Gregorian calendar. Since this change occurred at dilferent times in different countries, it should be understood that the arrangement of the key d is an arbitrary one. Thus the change introduced by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582 was permanently adopted by Italy, Spain, France, Portugal, the Netherlands, and portions of Germany the same year and the days from October 4 to 14, inclusive, of that year were dropped. England, however, did not adopt the change until the year 17 52, when the days from September 3 to September 14, inclusive, were dropped, and Russia and Greece still use the Julian calendar and are thus thirteen days behind our calendar at the present time. In view of these facts it will be seen that it is necessary to change the key or yearly table in this particular for use in different countries.

Referring to Figs. 3 to 5, inclusive, showing a modification of the device', in place of the weekly index consisting of leaves bound together in the form of a folder, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, separate interchangeable slips or cards c are provided. To economize space, the several tables designating the days of the week in the various orders required are printed on both sides of these slips or cards, two tables, preferably in reverse order, on each side, as shown in Fig. 5. A pocket f, having a transparent front or face g, of celluloid or other suitable material, for holding the slips or cards e with one of the tables thereon exposed to view, is attached by a iiexible flap It or otherwise hinged to the inside of the cover a, so as to be folded within the diary or memorandum-book when it is closed or unfolded into position for use with the monthly tables or leaves Z1 of the calendar or memorandumbook, as lshown in Figs. 3 and 4. In place of the key d, in which separate series of numerals ruiming, for example, from 1 to c1003 101 to 200, inclusive, and so on, are eniployed for the several centuries represented, which are designated by the proper ordinals above or at the heads of the several series, as shown in Fig. 1, a key d may be used in which a single series of figures or numerical characters arranged in two columns and running Jfrom 00 to 99, inclusive, with a certain arrangement oi' key letters or characters serves for a number of centuries or periods, which are designated by their proper numerals above or at the head ot' the series, as shown in Fig. 3. For example, one series of ligures or characters with a certain arrangement of key-letters is used for the centuries or periods beginning with the Christian era, with the year 700, and with the year 1400, and a like series with another arrangement of keyletters is used for the centuries or periods beginning with the years 100 and 800. The latter arrangement requires much less space than the other; but in both schemes the arrangement of the key letters or characters is essentially the same.

To prepare the diary or calendar for a given year or to ascertain the day of the week corresponding with a given date, practically the same procedure is followed with both forms of the device. With the form last described the slip or card e having the required weekly table is placed in the pocket j', so as to expose that table to view through the open or transparent Jface or front y, the pocket being unfolded or turned out, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, and the proper leai` is then turned to display the desired month and day of the month in juxtaposition to said table the same as with the form iirst described.

It is fea-sible and may be desirable to make a diary or calendar with a weekly index of the form shown in Fig. 1 and with a key of the form or arrangement shown in Fig. 3, or vice versa. The spaces for memoranda may be omitted and the weekly and monthly tables designating days of the week and days oi. the month correspondingly condensed when the device is to be used simply as a calendar, and separate cards, plates, or blocks may be used in the construction of the device in place of leaves bound together in book form. In short, various modilications in the details of construction and in the arrangement o1 parts may be made within the principle and intended scope of the invention.

I claim- 1. A perpetual calendar consisting of a plurality of interchangeable tables designating days of the week in dii'erent orders and each distinguished by a key character, separate tables designating days of the month and adapted to be placed in juxtaposition to and read in connection with any of said weekly tables, and a key separate from the weekly tables and representing a series of years each of which lOO is associated with one or more of said key charf acters designating the proper weekly table for .certain months of any given year, substantially as described.

2. A perpetual calendar consisting of a plurality of interchangeable tables designating days of the week in different orders, and each distinguished by a key character, separate tables designating days of the month and adapted tobe placed in juxtaposition to and read in connection with any of said Weekly tables, and a table representing a series of years in connection with key characters corresponding with those of the weekly tables, and indicating the proper weekly table for the whole or i a part of any given year, each leap-year having two key charactersl associated therewith, substantially as described.`

3. A perpetual calendar consisting of leaves spaced and numbered to designate days of the month and bound in the form of a book, a transparent pocket secured to the cover of the book, interchangeable tables fitted in said pocket and designating days of the week in Y HENRY SEELMAN.

Witnesses:

BERNARD C. RoLoFF, FRED A. FOSTER. 

